Wang Kuo-wei (23 December 1877-2 June 1927), eminent classical scholar and ultraroyalist. Although he made contributions to several branches of humanistic studies, Wang was essentially a student of ancient Chinese history, a field in which he combined the highest traditions of Ch'ing scholarship with an awareness of the relevance of new data and modern techniques. […]
Tang Hua-lung (27 November 1874-12 September 1918), leader of the movement to establish constitutional monarchy in China. He supported the revolution in 1911. In 1913-14 and 1916-17 he was speaker of the National Assembly. A leader of the Chin-pu-tang [progressive party] and, later, of the research clique, he also held cabinet posts at Peking. Ch'isui, […]
T'ang Erh-ho (1871-8 November 1940), Japanese-trained physician and anti-Manchu revolutionary who founded and served as chancellor of Peking Medical College. In the 1920's he held cabinet posts in the Peking government. He became an official in the Japanese-sponsored government at Peiping in 1937. Born into a Muslim family in Hangchow, T'ang Erh-ho was the son […]
T'ai-hsu (8 January 1890-17 March 1947), Buddhist monk of the wei-shih [consciousnessonly] school who led a movement to reform and modernize his religion. He headed the Wu-ch'ang fo-hsüeh yuan [Wuchang Buddhist institute], edited the Hai-ch'ao-yin, and established such organizations as the World Buddhist Association. Although his native place was in Ch'ungte, Chekiang, T'ai-hsu was born […]
Sung Chiao-jen (5 April 1882-22 March 1913), founder of the Kuomintang. He was assassinated by supporters of Yuan Shih-k'ai. T'aoyuan, Hunan, was the birthplace of Sung Chiao-jen. Little is known about his family background or early education. Sung's father died when the boy was only 12 sui, and thereafter an elder brother supported the family. […]
Ch'ien Hsuan-t'ung (12 September 1887-17 January 1939), applied the critical methods of Hu Shih to the study of Chinese classical texts. He taught for many years at Peking University, where he contributed articles to the Hsin ch'ing-nien [new youth] and served as one of its editors. He was also a leader in the movement to […]
Ch'ien Mu (30 July 1895-), scholar, known for his works on Chinese intellectual history and philosophy and for his history textbook, Kuo-shih ta-kang. From 1951 to 1965 he served as president of New Asia College in Hong Kong. A native of Wusih, Kiangsu, Ch'ien Mu was born into a poor family. His father died when […]
Ou-yang Ching-wu (20 November 1871-23 February 1943), leading Buddhist layman and scholarly representative of the wei-shih school. The son of an assistant department director in the Board of Civil Affairs, Ou-yang Ching-wu was born in Ihuang, Kiangsi. His father died when Ou-yang was six, and he was raised by his mother and other female relatives. […]
Ma Hsü-lun ( 27 April 1884-), educator, revolutionary, and government official, was a professor of Chinese philosophy at Peking University in 1916-36. He became sympathetic to the Communist cause during the Sino- Japanese war, and he was named minister of education when the Central People's Government was established in 1949. From 1952 to 1954 he […]
Liu Ya-tzu (May 1887-June 1958), the last outstanding poet of the traditional school. He also was known as a scholar and as the founder of the Xan-she (Southern Society). Born in the Wuchiang district of Soochow, Liu Ya-tzu came from a land-holding literary family whose property provided means to educate several generations of its male […]
