Hsü Ch'ien (26 June 1871-26 September 1940), scholar and legal expert who helped reform the judicial system (1907) and who became one of the most prominent leaders in the Wuhan regime (1926-27). Although his native place was Shehsien, Anhwei, Hsü Ch'ien was born in Nanchang, Kiangsi. He had one brother, Hsü Sun (T. Feng-jen). His […]
Hsü Shih-ch'ang 徐世昌 T. Chü-jen 菊人 H. Tung-hai 東海 Hsü Shih-ch'ang (23 October 1855-6 June 1939), protege of Yuan Shih-k'ai who in 1918 became the only man of civilian background to hold the presidency at Peking. After his retirement in June 1922, he devoted himself to literary and cultural pursuits. Little is known of Hsü […]
Hsü Shu-cheng (4 November 1880-30 December 1925), held many important offices in Peking as the most powerful deputy of Tuan Ch'i-jui (q.v.) in the period from 1912 to 1920 and co-founder of the Anfu Club. His actions in extending Chinese authority in Outer Mongolia after 1918 turned the Mongols against China and were a chief […]
Wu Chih-hui (25 March 1864-30 October 1953), scholar and educator, social reformer and revolutionary, anti-Communist and longtime associate of Ts'ai Yuan-p'ei, Chang Jenchieh, and Li Shih-tseng. They came to be identified as the "four elder statesmen" of the Kuomintang. Wu was also known for his efforts to standardize the Chinese spoken language. Yanghu hsien (Wuchin), […]
Wu Chung-hsin (15 March 1884-16 December 1959), military and political associate of Sun Yat-sen and Chiang Kai-shek who served as governor of Anhwei (1932) and Kweichow (1935), chairman of the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission (1936-44), and governor of Sinkiang (1944-45). Ancestors of Wu Chung-hsin had moved from Kiangsi to Lochiakang in the northern part […]
Hsiung Fo-hsi (1900-26 October 1965), playwright, educator, and critic, was a leading creator of "popular drama," plays written to educate the peasantry. Fengch'eng, Kiangsi, was the birthplace of Hsiung Fo-hsi. At the time of the 1911 revolution, Hsiung's father took him to Hankow, where he completed his primary and middle school education. He evinced an […]
Wu Ch'ao-shu (23 May 1887-2 January 1934), known as C. C. Wu, Western-educated official at Peking who went to Canton in 1917 with his father, Wu T'ing-fang, to join the Canton regime of Sun Yat-sen. He later served as minister of foreign affairs at Canton and Nanking. In 1928-30 he was minister to the United […]
Wu Ting-ch'ang (1884-August 1950), banker, newspaper publisher, and government official. After holding banking and financial posts at Peking in 1912-19, he headed the Yien-yieh Bank and the Joint Treasury of north China's four leading banks. In 1926-34 he also was chairman of the board and director of the Ta Kung Pao and the Kuo-wen enterprises. […]
Wu Lien-teh (10 March 1879-21 January 1960), pioneer in modern medical research and administration in China. He gained international recognition for his measures to end the disastrous plague in Manchuria in 1910-11, and he directed the Manchurian Plague Prevention Service from 1912 to 1930. In 1930-37 he headed the National Quarantine Service at Shanghai. The […]
Wu P'ei-fu 吳佩孚 T. Tzu-yü 子玉 Wu P'ei-fu (22 April 1874-4 December 1939), warlord and leader of the Chihli military faction who became the dominant military leader in north China in 1922. Although his control of the Peking government was broken by Feng Yü-hsiang in 1924, he continued to dominate the Honan-Hupeh-Hunan area until 1926, […]
