Chou Ch'ang-ling (13 March 1861-24 February 1959), known as Shouson Chow, high official in the imperial government who became an outstanding businessman and civic leader in Hong Kong. He was knighted by King George V in 1928. Although Shouson Chow was born in Hong Kong 20 years after the island had been ceded to Great […]

Yang Tu (10 January 1875-17 September 1931), student of Wang K'ai-yün and advocate of constitutional monarchy who became an adviser to Yuan Shih-k'ai. In 1 9 1 5 he organized the Ch'ou-an-hui [society to plan for stability] to implement Yuan's plans for establishing a monarchy. Hsiangt'an, Hunan, was the birthplace of Yang Tu. He lost […]

Hsü Shih-ch'ang 徐世昌 T. Chü-jen 菊人 H. Tung-hai 東海 Hsü Shih-ch'ang (23 October 1855-6 June 1939), protege of Yuan Shih-k'ai who in 1918 became the only man of civilian background to hold the presidency at Peking. After his retirement in June 1922, he devoted himself to literary and cultural pursuits. Little is known of Hsü […]

Sun Pao-ch'i (26 April 1867-3 February 1931), diplomat who represented the Ch'ing government in France and Germany and who served the Peking government as minister of foreign affairs and premier. The eldest son of Sun Yi-ching, an assistant imperial tutor, Sun Pao-ch'i was born in Hangchow. He received a traditional education in the Chinese classics. […]

Ts'en Ch'un-hsuan (1861 —March 1933), prominent Ch'ing official and rival of Yuan Shih-k'ai. He played a leading role in the anti- Yuan campaigns of 1915-16. He later joined the southern military government at Canton, serving as its head in 1918-19. A native of the Hsilin district of Kwangsi, Ts'en Ch'un-hsuan was the third of seven […]