Chang Chia-sen 張嘉森 T. Chün-mai West. Carsun Chang Chang Chia-sen (1886-), known as Carsun Chang, a leading supporter of Liang Ch'ich'ao's ideas and movements, worked for the establishment of constitutional government in the early 1900's. Prominent in the attempt to focus attention in China on cultural and educational activities, he studied philosophy in Germany and […]
Chang Ch'i-yün T. Hsiao-fen Chang Ch'i-yün (1901-), scholar and official, taught history and geography for many years at National Central and Chekiang universities. He also wrote on the modernization of China. He served in Taiwan in such positions as secretary general of Chiang Kai-shek's office and minister of education. A native of Yinhsien, Chekiang, Chang […]
Chang Po-ling (1876-1951), prominent Christian educator, founded the Nankai Schools and established Nankai University at Tientsin in 1919, serving as its president until 1948. Deputy speaker of the People's Political Council during the Sino-Japanese war, he served as president of the Examination Yuan at Nanking in 1948. He retired in 1949 to live in Tientsin. […]
Chang Jen-chieh 張人傑 T. Ching-chiang Chang Jen-chieh (19 September 1877-3 September 1950), businessman and goverment official, was an early supporter of Sun Yat-sen and a patron of Chiang Kai-shek. He was one of the "four elder statesmen of the Kuomintang" and served as governor of Chekiang province and as director of the National Reconstruction Commission […]
Chang Chih-chiang T. Tzu-min H. Tzu-chiang West. Paul C. C. Chiang Chang Chih-chiang (1882- ? ) was a military officer associated with Feng Yü-hsiang (q.v.) for many years prior to 1927. A native of Chihli (Hopei) province, Chang Chih-chiang was born into a landlord family in the Yenshan district. Since his father was the village […]
Chang Hsueh-liang 張學良 T. Han-ch'ing 漢卿 Chang Hsueh-liang (1898-), known as the Young Marshal, was the son of Chang Tso-lin (q.v.), from whom he inherited control of Manchuria in 1928. In 1936, Chang Hsueh-liang detained Chiang Kai-shek at Sian in an attempt to persuade the National Government to form a united front with the Chinese […]
Chu Teh 朱德 T. Yü-chieh 玉階 Chu Teh (18 December 1886-), commander in chief of the Chinese Communist forces for many years, became associated with Mao Tse-tung in 1928, when their forces combined to form the Fourth Red Army and to establish the central Communist base in Kiangsi. During the 1930's and early 1940's Chu […]
Chu Chia-hua (30 May 1893-3 January 1963), held office in the National Government as minister of education (1932-33; 1944-48), minister of communications (1932-35), and vice president of the Examination Yuan (1941-44). From 1939 to May 1944 he headed the organization department of the Kuomintang. He also served as secretary general (1936-38) and acting president (1940-58) […]
Chu P'ei-te (29 October 1888-17 February 1937), Nationalist military officer. He was commander of the Third Army during the Northern Expedition in 1926-27 and governor of Kiangsi in 1927-29. Later, he served as chief of general staff, director general of military training, and director of the administrative office of the Military Affairs Commission. Yenhsing hsien, […]
Tsou T'ao-fen (5 November 1895-24 July 1944), journalist known for his editorship (1926-33) of the Sheng-huo chou-kan [life weekly] and for his leadership in the national salvation movement. After working at Chungking in support of the Chinese war effort, he went to Hong Kong in 1941 because of difficulties with Kuomintang press censorship. He spent […]
