Chu Chih-hsin (12 October 1885-21 September 1920), anti-Manchu revolutionary and protege of Sun Yat-sen, was active as a T'ung-meng-hui propagandist and as an organizer of anti- Manchu uprisings in Kwangtung. He later helped to organize resistance to Yuan Shih-k'ai. A leading figure in developing and popularizing Sun Yat-sen's political and social ideas, he founded the […]

Chang Chi 張繼 T. P'u-ch'uan 溥泉 Chang Chi (31 August 1882-1 5 December 1947), political figure, an anti-Manchu revolutionary and editor of the Min-pao who became an elder statesman of the Kuomintang and one of the few northern Chinese to achieve prominence in that party. He was a leading member of the right-wing Western Hills […]

Hsü Ch'ung-chih (26 October 1887-25 January 1965), as chief aide to Ch'en Chiung-ming, helped to build Sun Yat-sen's military establishment, becoming commander in chief of Sun's Kwangtung forces in 1923. He reached the peak of his career in 1925, when he served briefly as minister of war and governor of Kwangtung. After 1945, he made […]

Hsü Ch'ien (26 June 1871-26 September 1940), scholar and legal expert who helped reform the judicial system (1907) and who became one of the most prominent leaders in the Wuhan regime (1926-27). Although his native place was Shehsien, Anhwei, Hsü Ch'ien was born in Nanchang, Kiangsi. He had one brother, Hsü Sun (T. Feng-jen). His […]

Hsieh Ch'ih (18 January 1876-16 April 1939), anti-Manchu revolutionary and official in Sun Yat-sen's Canton government, was a member of the first Central Supervisory Committee of the Kuomintang. He became associated with the Western Hills faction of the Kuomintang and participated in the so-called enlarged conference movement of 1930. Born into a merchant family in […]

Lin Sen (1868-1 August 1943), anti-Manchu revolutionary and a veteran leader of the Kuomintang, was the Chairman of the National Government from 1932 to 1943. Minhsien (later Minhou hsien), Fukien, w-as the birthplace of Lin Sen. His father, a businessman, moved the family to Foochow when Lin Sen was three sui. After receiving a traditional […]

Chü Cheng (8 November 1876-23 November 1951), T'ung-meng-hui activist and member of Sun Yat-sen's entourage who later joined the conservative Western Hills faction of the Kuomintang. He served as president of the Judicial Yuan from 1932 to 1948. The third of five brothers, Chü Cheng was born in a small village in Kuangchi hsien, near […]

Hu Han-min 胡漢民 Orig. Hu Yen-kuan 胡衍鸛 Alt. Hu Yen-hung 胡衍鴻 T. Chan-t'ang 展堂 H. Pu-k'uei shih-chu 不匱室主 Hu Han-min (9 December 1879-12 May 1936), revolutionary leader and close associate of Sun Yat-sen, was the first republican governor of Kwangtung. In 1924 he became the topranking member of the Central Executive Committee of the Kuomintang […]

Tai Chi-t'ao (6 January 1891-11 February 1949), journalist and personal secretary to Sun Yat-sen who, after Sun's death in 1925, became one of the most authoritative anti-Communist interpreters of the Three People's Principles. He was president of the Examination Yuan from its inception in 1928 until 1948. In his later years he became a devout […]

Ch'en Chiung-ming 陳炯明 Ch'en Chiung-ming (13 January 1878 - 22 September 1933) was an anti-Manchu revolutionary who became an early republican governor of Kwangtung. After Yuan Shih-k'ai deposed him in 1913, he participated in the anti-Yuan campaigns and then headed the forces of Sun Yatsen's constitution protection movement. In October 1920 he occupied Canton, and […]