Chang Hsueh-liang 張學良 T. Han-ch'ing 漢卿 Chang Hsueh-liang (1898-), known as the Young Marshal, was the son of Chang Tso-lin (q.v.), from whom he inherited control of Manchuria in 1928. In 1936, Chang Hsueh-liang detained Chiang Kai-shek at Sian in an attempt to persuade the National Government to form a united front with the Chinese […]
Chu Teh 朱德 T. Yü-chieh 玉階 Chu Teh (18 December 1886-), commander in chief of the Chinese Communist forces for many years, became associated with Mao Tse-tung in 1928, when their forces combined to form the Fourth Red Army and to establish the central Communist base in Kiangsi. During the 1930's and early 1940's Chu […]
Hsieh Chueh-tsai (1881-), Chinese Communist leader, held important party offices in the 1930's and 1940's. He served the Central People's Government as minister of interior (1949-59) and was president of the Supreme People's Court (1959-64). Born into the family of a landholder in the Ninghsiang district of Hunan province, Hsieh Chueh-tsai received his early education […]
Soong, T. V. Orig. Sung Tzu-wen 宋子文 T. V. Soong (4 December 1894-), Harvard-trained financier who was the prime mover in the establishment of a modern financial system in China. He served the National Government in such capacities as minister of finance, vice president and president of the Executive Yuan, governor of the Central Bank […]
Liao Chung-k'ai (1878-20 August 1925), Kuomintang financial administrator and chief architect of the Kuomintang-Communist alliance that resulted in the reorganization of the party along Leninist lines. At the time of his assassination in 1925 he held such posts as minister of finance, governor and financial commissioner of Kwangtung, head of the Kuomintang workers department, and […]
Li Chi-shen (1886-9 October 1959), commander of the Fourth Army (1925-26) who served during the Northern Expedil^ion as governor of Kwangtung, military affairs commissioner, and acting president of the Whampoa Military Academy. He became the top-ranking military and political officer at Canton. He later participated in several movements which opposed Chiang Kaishek. After being expelled […]
Ho Hsiang-ning (1880-), the wife of Liao Chung-k'ai (q.v.), was the first woman to join the T'ung-meng-hui (1905). A member of the Kuomintang's Central Executive Committee (1926-31), she left the party and helped to found the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee. She served the Central People's Government as chairman of the Overseas Chinese Affairs Commission (1949-59). Although […]
Ch'en, Eugene 陳友仁 Ch'en Yu-jen Eugene Ch'en (1878-20 November 1944), antiimperialist, publicist, lawyer, and government official, was a protege of Sun Yat-sen. He was particularly well known as the editor of journals and the author of political manifestoes. San Fernando on the island of Trinidad in the British West Indies was the birthplace of Eugene […]
Ch'en Pi-chun 陳璧君 Ch'en Pi-chun (5 November 1891 - 17 June 1959), the wife of Wang Ching-wei (q.v.), held together Wang's Japanese-sponsored regime after his death in 1944. In 1946 she was convicted of treason and was sentenced to life imprisonment. Little is known of Ch'en Pi-chun's childhood. She was a native of Hsinhui (Sunwui), […]
Chou Shu-jen 周樹人 Alt. Lu Hsün 魯迅 Chou Shu-jen (1881-19 October 1936), known as Lu Hsün, a writer and social critic of such prominence that he became an almost legendary figure. Shaohsing, Chekiang, was the native place of Lu Hsün. He was born into a family of commercial and minor official background. Like his two […]
