Li Fei-kan (1904-), anarchist writer known as Pa Chin, whose novels and short stories achieved popularity in the 1930's and 1940's. Born in Chengtu, Szechwan, Li Fei-kan came from a wealthy and educated gentry family. His early childhood was spent in Chengtu except for three years in Kuangyuan, where his father was magistrate from 1906 […]
Chu Tzu-ch'ing (22 November 1898-12 August 1948), essayist, scholar, and poet, was head of the Chinese department at Tsinghua University for many years. He was best known for his distinctive pai-hua [vernacular] essay style. Although his native place was Shaohsing, Chekiang, Chu Tzu-ch'ing was born in Kiangsu. Both his father and his grandfather were minor […]
Chu Ch'i-hua (28 December 1907-1945), a professional Communist agitator from 1921 to 1929, left the Chinese Communist party and began to write in the field of modern Chinese social history. He served (1938-41) under Hu Tsung-nan at the Sian training center for political workers. In 1941 he was arrested and imprisoned as a Communist spy; […]
Chou Tso-jen Orig. Chou K'uei-shou T. Ch'i-ming H. Chih-t'ang Chou Tso-jen (1885-), essayist, scholar, and translator of Western works into pai-hua [the vernacular]. With his brother Lu Hsün (Chou Shu-jen, q.v.), he brought new prominence to the essay form in the 1920's and 1930's. Born in Shaohsing, Chekiang, Chou Tso-jen, like his two brothers, Lu […]
Cheng Chen-to (1898-17 October 1958), literary historian, bibliophile, and editor, made major studies of the history of Chinese vernacular literature, was prominent in the Literary Research Society, and edited the Hsiao-shuoyueh-pao (Short Story Magazine). In 1937 he became dean of the college of arts and letters at Chinan University. From 1954 to 1958 he served […]
Chou Yang (1908-), literary theorist better known for his advocacy of Chinese Communist theories than for his literary achievements. After 1949, he became responsible for issuing Chinese Communist party directives in cultural matters and for detecting deviations from party doctrine in literature and the arts. Nothing is known about Chou Yang's childhood or his family […]
Yeh Sheng-t'ao (1894-), a writer of stories and an essayist noted for his high literary standards. He was a founding member of the VVen-hsüeh yen-chiu hui (Literary Research Society), which for the period of 1921-28 dictated through its influential Hsiao-shuo yüeh-pao [short story magazine] the major trends of modern Chinese literature. Yeh was also notable […]
Hsiung Fo-hsi (1900-26 October 1965), playwright, educator, and critic, was a leading creator of "popular drama," plays written to educate the peasantry. Fengch'eng, Kiangsi, was the birthplace of Hsiung Fo-hsi. At the time of the 1911 revolution, Hsiung's father took him to Hankow, where he completed his primary and middle school education. He evinced an […]
T'ao Hsing-chih (1891-25 July 1946), educational theorist and reformer who based his ideas on those of John Dewey and Wang Yangming. His theories of "life education" were embodied in the mass education and rural education movements of the 1920's and in the work-study and "national crisis education" programs of the 1930's. Born into a family […]
Shen Yen-ping (1896-), known as Mao Tun, the foremost realist novelist in republican China. He ceased to function as a creative writer in 1949, and he served from 1949 to 1965 as minister of culture in the Central People's Government. Ch'ingchen, a suburban district of T'unghsiang hsien, Chekiang, was the birthplace of Mao Tun. He […]
