Bei Zuyi

Pei Tsu-yi (1893-), banker who was known for his pioneering work in developing the foreign-exchange business of the Bank of China and for helping to plan the managed currency system that China adopted in 1935. Born into a merchant family in Wuhsien, Kiangsu, Pei Tsu-yi received his early education in the Chinese classics at a […]

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Zhang Jiaao

Chang Chia-ao (1888-), banker, economist, and government official, was known as Chang Kia-ngau. In his long association with the Bank of China he contributed greatly to the development of modern practices in private banking. After 1935 he served the National Government in such capacities as minister of railways and minister of communications. A native of […]

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Zhang Lisheng

Chang Li-sheng (24 May 1900-), Kuomintang leader and government official, was director of the party's organization department in 1936-37 and minister of the interior from 1944 until May 1948; in Taiwan, he served as vice president of the Executive Yuan and then as ambassador to Japan. Lot'ing hsien in Chihli (later Hopei) province was the […]

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Song Jiashu

Charles Jones Soong (1866-3 May 1918), American-trained missionary who became a successful businessman and industrialist in Shanghai as well as the patriarch of the influential Soong family. The Wench'ang district of the island of Hainan, off the coast of Kwangtung province, was the native place of Charles Jones Soong. He was the youngest of three […]

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Song Meiling

Soong Mei-ling (c. 1897-), was the wife of Chiang Kai-shek and a leader of Chinese women. A native of the Wench'ang district of Hainan Island, Kwangtung, Soong Mei-ling was born in Shanghai. She was the fourth of six children and the youngest of the girls in her family. Because her father, Charles Jones Soong (q.v.), […]

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Song Qingling

Soong Ch'ing-ling (1892-), was the wife of Sun Yat-sen. She was active in social welfare work, and after 1949 she held a variety of posts in the People's Republic of China. The second daughter of Charles Jones Soong (q.v.), Soong Ch'ing-ling was born in Shanghai. Like her elder sister, Soong Ai-ling, she received her early […]

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Song Ziwen

Soong, T. V. Orig. Sung Tzu-wen 宋子文 T. V. Soong (4 December 1894-), Harvard-trained financier who was the prime mover in the establishment of a modern financial system in China. He served the National Government in such capacities as minister of finance, vice president and president of the Executive Yuan, governor of the Central Bank […]

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Ma Yinchu

Ma Yin-ch'u (1882-), Western-trained economist who specialized in applied economics. A long-time critic of the National Government's economic policies, he later held office in the Central People's Government. He served as president of Peking University from 1951 to 1960, when he was dismissed because of the political unorthodoxy of his economic views. A native of […]

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Jiang Jingguo

Chiang Ching-kuo (1909-), the eldest son of Chiang Kai-shek. After spending almost 12 years in the Soviet Union, he returned to China and served the National Government in various posts. In Taiwan, Chiang advanced steadily in influence and importance, heading the general political department of the ministry of defense and then serving as deputy secretary […]

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Jiang Tingfu

Chiang T'ing-fu (7 December 1895-9 October 1965), known as T. F. Tsiang, scholar and diplomat. After teaching diplomatic history at Nankai (1923-29) and Tsinghua (1929-35) universities, he became ambassador to the Soviet Union in 1936. After February 1938 he served as director of the political department of the Executive Yuan. He was named permanent representative […]

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