Cheng Hsiao-hsü (2 April 1860-28 March 1938), Manchu loyalist and assistant to P'u-yi (q.v.), was a prime mover in the creation of Manchoukuo. He served as premier at Hsinking (Changchun) from 1932 to 1935. Although his ancestral home was Minhou, Fukien, Cheng Hsiao-hsü was born in Soochow. His father, Cheng Shou-lien (T. Chung-lien), was a […]
Chao Erh-sun (7 July 1844-3 September 1927) served the Ch'ing government in such capacities as governor general of Szechwan and of the Three Eastern Provinces. After 1912 he was editor of the bureau of Ch'ing history, responsible for the compilation of the Ch'ing-shih kao [provisional history of the Ch'ing]. A native of T'iehling, Fengtien, Chao […]
Chang Tsung-hsiang ( 1 877- ?) studied law in Japan and served the early republican government in such positions as minister of justice. Tuan Ch'i-jui appointed him minister to Japan in 1916, and he helped to negotiate the Nishihara loans in 1917-18. When opposition to the secret agreements with Japan gave rise to the May […]
Chang Shih-chao ( 1 88 1-), journalist, educator, government official, and lawyer, established his claim to prominence in the fields of Chinese letters and political thought primarily as the editor of such journals as the Su-pao, the Tu-li chou-pao [independent weekly], and especially the Chia-yin [tiger] group of publications. A native of Changsha, Hunan, Chang […]
Chang Wen-t'ien (1898-), known as Lo-fu, a writer and translator, was one of a group of Russian-trained Chinese Communists known as the 28 Bolsheviks. General secretary of the Chinese Communist party in the mid-1 930's, he was ambassador to the Soviet Union 1951-55 and senior vice minister of foreign affairs 1955-59. Nanhui, a suburb of […]
Chang Tung-sun (1886-), philosopher and political independent, known for his interpretation and teaching of Western philosophy in China. He was an advocate of the constitutionalist theories of Liang Ch'i-ch'ao, and became chief editor of the China Times and a leading figure in the science-philosophy debates of 1923. In 1951 he came under Communist censure and […]
Chang Ping-lin 章炳麟 Orig. Chang Hsueh-ch'eng 章學乘 Chang Chiang 章絳 T. Mei-shu 枚叔 H. T'ai-yen 太炎 Tao-han 菿漢 Chang Ping-lin (25 December 1868-14 June 1936), scholar and anti-Manchu revolutionary, was an editor of the noted newspaper Su-pao and of the T'ung-meng-hui's Min-pao [people's journal] and a leader of the Kuang-fu-hui [restoration society]. A prominent classical […]
Tseng Ch'i (5 August 1892-7 May 1951), leader of the Young China party. Although Tseng Ch'i was born in Lungch'ang, Szechwan, he spent his childhood in Kwangsi, where his father, Tseng Yu-san, served as a minor government official. He was orphaned while still a boy, whereupon he and his elder brother, Tseng Chao-yü, returned to […]
Yeh Kung-cho (1881-), government official who specialized in railway administration. He was a protege of Liang Shih-i (q.v.) and a prominent member of the so-called communications clique. In 1921 he founded Chiao-t'ung University, which became one of China's leading engineering schools. A native of Panyü, Kwangtung, Yeh Kungcho was born into a well-to-do family with […]
Yang Yu-t'ing (1885-10 January 1929), Manchurian military officer who served as chief of staff under Chang Tso-lin (q.v.) and who later was executed by Chang's son Chang Hsuehliang (q.v.). The Fak'u district of Fengtien (Liaoning) was the birthplace of Yang Yü-t'ing. Little is known of his family background or early years except that he decided […]
