Hsü Shih-ch'ang 徐世昌 T. Chü-jen 菊人 H. Tung-hai 東海 Hsü Shih-ch'ang (23 October 1855-6 June 1939), protege of Yuan Shih-k'ai who in 1918 became the only man of civilian background to hold the presidency at Peking. After his retirement in June 1922, he devoted himself to literary and cultural pursuits. Little is known of Hsü […]

Wang I-t'ang (6 October 1878-September 1946), political associate of Yuan Shih-k'ai and Tuan Ch'i-jui who later served on the Hopei-Chahar political council. Wang was among the first of the Peiyang politicians to cooperate with the Japanese in 1937. He served as minister of relief and later as chairman of the Japanese-sponsored government in north China. […]

Shih Chao-chi (10 April 1877-3 January 1958), known as Sao-ke Alfred Sze, diplomat who became Chinese minister to the Court of St. James's in 1914 and who spent most of the rest of his life outside China. In addition to serving as China's chief envoy to Great Britain and the United States, he was plenipotentiary […]

Ch'en Lu 陳籙 Tcheng Loh Ch'en Lu (24 April 1876 - 19 February 1939) was known as the chief Chinese negotiator of the 1915 Treaty of Kiakhta, which defined the international status of Outer Mongolia. From 1915 to 1917 he was Chinese high commissioner at Urga (Ulan Bator). From 1920 to 1927 he was Chinese […]