Ch'in Pang-hsien (1907-8 April 1946), one of the Russian-trained intellectuals known as the 28 Bolsheviks, was the general secretary of the Chinese Communist party (1932-34). From 1936 to 1946 he served as a liaison officer in negotiations with the National Government. He also headed the New China News Agency (1941-45) and edited the official Communist […]
Ch'ü Ch'iu-pai (29 January 1899-18June 1935), Communist writer, became vice chairman of the propaganda department of the Chinese Communist party and wrote many pamphlets and articles. He unseated Ch'en Tu-hsiu to become general secretary of the party in 1927, but was criticized and removed from office in 1928. He became prominent in the League of […]
P'eng P'ai (22 October 1896-30 August 1929), the first Chinese Communist leader to organize peasants for political purposes and the founder of the short-lived Hai-lu-feng soviet. He was executed by the Nationalists at Shanghai. Born into a well-to-do landlord family in Haifeng (Hoifung), Kwangtung, P'eng P'ai received a traditional primary education in the Chinese classics. […]
P'eng Te-huai (1898-), Chinese Communist general who served as minister of national defense at Peking from mid- 1954 to mid- 1959, when he was removed from office and replaced by Lin Piao. Hsiangt'an hsien, Hunan, the native district of Mao Tse-tung, was the birthplace of P'eng Te-huai. His mother died when he was six, and, […]
Liu Shao-ch'i 劉少奇 Pseud. Hu Fu 胡服 Liu Shao-ch'i (1900-), the Chinese Communist party's foremost expert on the theory and practice of organization and party structure, became Chairman of the People's Republic of China in April 1959. He was the second-ranking member of the party until 1966, when he became a principal target of the […]
Li Shih-tseng 李石曾 Orig. Li Yü-ying 李煜瀛 Li Shih-tseng (1881-), leader of the work-study movement in France who became known as one of the "four elder statesmen of the Kuomintang." Although his native place was Kaoyang, Chihli (Hopei), Li Shih-tseng was born in Peking. He and his elder brother, Li Kun-ying, were the sons of […]
Ho Meng-hsiung Ho Meng-hsiung (1903-7 February 1931), Chinese Communist labor organizer who opposed Li Li-san's policies. He was expelled from the Chinese Communist party in 1931 after opposing the leadership of Chen Shao-yü. He was executed by the Nationalists. Mao Tse-tung later praised him as a "noble martyr." Little is known of Ho Meng-hsiung's early […]
Teng Hsiao-p'ing (c. 1 902-) , Chinese Communist political officer who rose to become the chief executive officer of the Chinese Communist party, a vice premier in the Central People's Government, and a vice chairman of the National Defense Council. In 1966 he became one of the prime targets of Red Guard criticism in the […]
Ch'en Tu-hsiu 陳獨秀 Ch'en Ch'ien-sheng 乾生 T. Chung-fu 仲甫 H. Shih-an 實庵 Pseud. Chung(-tzu) 仲（子） Ch'en Tu-hsiu (8 October 1879-27 May 1942), as editor of the Hsin ch'ing-nien [new youth] and dean of the college of letters of Peking University, was a leader of the literary and cultural revolution that culminated in the May Fourth […]
Ch'en Po-ta 陳伯達 Ch'en Po-ta (1905-) was known as one of the Chinese Communist party's leading spokesmen on international Communist affairs and the interpreter of the political thought of Mao Tse-tung in such works as Mao Tse-tung on the Chinese Revolution. He drafted many of the editorials in the Jen-min jih-pao [people's daily] and edited […]
