Chang Kuo-t'ao (1897-), one of the founders of the Chinese Communist movement, was an influential leader of the Chinese Communist party until 1938, when he defected to the National Government after coming into conflict with Mao Tse-tung. In the 1920's, Chang headed the China Trade Union Secretariat. In the early 1930's, he was one of […]

P'eng Shu-chih (1896-), close associate of Ch'en Tu-hsiu who left the Chinese Communist party with Ch'en and became a leader of the Trotskyist movement in China. Born in Hunan, P'eng Shu-chih came from a peasant family which was relatively well-to-do by Chinese rural standards. After receiving his early education in Hunan, he went to Shanghai […]

Liu Shao-ch'i 劉少奇 Pseud. Hu Fu 胡服 Liu Shao-ch'i (1900-), the Chinese Communist party's foremost expert on the theory and practice of organization and party structure, became Chairman of the People's Republic of China in April 1959. He was the second-ranking member of the party until 1966, when he became a principal target of the […]