Chang Chia-ao (1888-), banker, economist, and government official, was known as Chang Kia-ngau. In his long association with the Bank of China he contributed greatly to the development of modern practices in private banking. After 1935 he served the National Government in such capacities as minister of railways and minister of communications. A native of […]

Cheng Hsiao-hsü (2 April 1860-28 March 1938), Manchu loyalist and assistant to P'u-yi (q.v.), was a prime mover in the creation of Manchoukuo. He served as premier at Hsinking (Changchun) from 1932 to 1935. Although his ancestral home was Minhou, Fukien, Cheng Hsiao-hsü was born in Soochow. His father, Cheng Shou-lien (T. Chung-lien), was a […]

Chang Pi-shih (1840-August 1916), entrepreneur, was known for his Chang Yu brewery at Chefoo. He became a multimillionaire in Java and Malaya and was one of the few overseas Chinese whose patriotism and services were utilized by the Manchu government. A native of Tap'u hsien in eastern Kwangtung, Chang Pi-shih was born into a poor […]

Chang Chien (1 July 1853-24 August 1926), industrialist, educator, and conservationist, was a leading social reformer and a scholarentrepreneur. Beginning in 1899 with the Dah Sun Cotton Mill, he established an industrial complex in Nant'ung. His T'ung Hai Land Reclamation Company became a model for others. Chang devoted the last decade of his life to […]

Yeh Kung-cho (1881-), government official who specialized in railway administration. He was a protege of Liang Shih-i (q.v.) and a prominent member of the so-called communications clique. In 1921 he founded Chiao-t'ung University, which became one of China's leading engineering schools. A native of Panyü, Kwangtung, Yeh Kungcho was born into a well-to-do family with […]

T'ang Shao-yi (1860-30 September 1938), long-time associate of Yuan Shih-k'ai who became the Chinese republic's first premier in 1912. He broke with Yuan in June 1912 and later allied himself with Sun Yat-sen. After Sun's death, T'ang lent support to various movements within the Kuomintang which opposed the growing authority of Chiang Kaishek. T'ang was […]

Wang Ch'ung-hui 王寵惠 T. Liang-ch'ou 亮疇 Wang Ch'ung-hui (1881-15 March 1958), foreign minister in the provisional republican government in 1912. He subsequently held various ministerial posts and served briefly as acting premier at Peking in 1922. He later was president of the Judicial Yuan (1928-30; 1948-57), foreign minister (1937-40), and secretary general of the Supreme […]

Sung Han-chang (1872-), banker who devoted almost 50 years of his working life to the Bank of China, many of them as its general manager. Although his native place was Yuyao, Chekiang, Sung Han-chang was born in Chienning hsien, Fukien, where his father was a merchant. He received his early education at a local private […]

Ma Liang (7 April 1840-4 November 1939), Jesuit priest, government official, and educator. He was a founder of the Aurora Academy, the Fu-tan Academy, and the Fu-jen School. Aurora and Fu-jen later became universities. Born at Tanyang, Kiangsu, into a family which had embraced Roman Catholicism in the early 1600's, Ma Liang was the second […]

Ma Hsü-lun ( 27 April 1884-), educator, revolutionary, and government official, was a professor of Chinese philosophy at Peking University in 1916-36. He became sympathetic to the Communist cause during the Sino- Japanese war, and he was named minister of education when the Central People's Government was established in 1949. From 1952 to 1954 he […]