Ch'en Shao-yü Ch'en Shao-yü (1907-), leader of the proteges of Pavel Mif known as the 28 Bolsheviks, was general secretary of the Chinese Communist party (1931-32), Chinese representative to the Comintern (1932-37), and a member of the Comintern's Executive Committee. In 1937 he returned to China. His disagreements with Mao Tse-tung caused Mao to launch […]
Wang Chia-hsiang (1907-), Russian-trained Communist leader who directed the general political department of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army in Kiangsi and headed the Academy for Military and Political Cadres in Yenan. In 1949-50 he was ambassador to the Soviet Union, and in 1956 he was elected to the Secretariat of the Chinese Communist […]
T'an Chen-lin (1902-), Chinese Communist political officer who served with the New Fourth Army throughout the Sino-Japanese war. Thereafter, he held important regional posts in east China. A member of the Secretariat and the Political Bureau of the Chinese Communist party, he helped develop agricultural programs for the People's Republic of China and became director […]
T'ao Hsing-chih (1891-25 July 1946), educational theorist and reformer who based his ideas on those of John Dewey and Wang Yangming. His theories of "life education" were embodied in the mass education and rural education movements of the 1920's and in the work-study and "national crisis education" programs of the 1930's. Born into a family […]
Ulanfu (1903-), Tumet Mongol who joined the Chinese Communist party in 1927 and rose to become its principal representative in Inner Mongolia. In the 1950's and early 1960's he dominated party, government, and military structures in that region. Ulanfu became a target ofcriticism during the so-called Cultural Revolution and was removed from his posts in […]
Su Yu (c. 1908-), Chinese Communist military leader who was deputy commander, under Ch'en Yi, of the New Fourth Army and its successor, the Third Field Army. After serving as chief of staff of the People's Liberation Army in 1954-58, he was made a vice minister of national defense in 1959. The Huit'ung district of […]
Soong Ch'ing-ling (1892-), was the wife of Sun Yat-sen. She was active in social welfare work, and after 1949 she held a variety of posts in the People's Republic of China. The second daughter of Charles Jones Soong (q.v.), Soong Ch'ing-ling was born in Shanghai. Like her elder sister, Soong Ai-ling, she received her early […]
Shu Hsin-ch'eng (5 July 1893-1960), editor and publisher. He was best known as the chief editor of the famous encyclopedic dictionary Tz'u-hai, published by the Chung-hua Book Company in 1936. Born at Hsüp'u, Hunan, Shu Hsin-ch'eng came from a long line of impoverished tenant farmers. His father had been to school for a few years […]
Shen Tse-min ( 1 898- 1 934) , writer and translator who worked to introduce Western concepts to the readers of the Hsiao-shuo yüeh-pao [short story magazine] and other journals. He later joined the Chinese Communist party and spent four years studying in the Soviet Union. The younger brother of Mao Tun (Shen Yen-ping, q.v.), […]
Shen Chün-ju (1874-11 June 1963), legal scholar and official in the Ch'ing, National, and Central People's governments. A prominent member of the China Democratic League, he became its chairman in 1956. Chiahsing, Chekiang, was the birthplace of Shen Chün-ju. Little is known about his family background or early years. After passing the chü-jen examinations in […]
