Cheng T'ien-hsi (10 July 1884-), known as F. T. Cheng, the first Chinese to receive the LL.D. degree in England, became vice minister of justice at Nanking (1931-34) and a judge of the Permanent Court of International Justice at The Hague ( 1 936-46) . From 1 946 to 1 950 he was ambassador to […]
Wang Ch'ung-hui 王寵惠 T. Liang-ch'ou 亮疇 Wang Ch'ung-hui (1881-15 March 1958), foreign minister in the provisional republican government in 1912. He subsequently held various ministerial posts and served briefly as acting premier at Peking in 1922. He later was president of the Judicial Yuan (1928-30; 1948-57), foreign minister (1937-40), and secretary general of the Supreme […]
Sheng Shih-ts'ai (1895-), military adventurer from Manchuria who seized power in Sinkiang in 1933 and ruled that province for nine years with Soviet aid. In 1943 he switched allegiance to the Chinese Nationalists, who, however, dislodged him from his seat of power in 1944. The Kaiyuan district of Liaoning in southern Manchuria was the birthplace […]
Ma Chung-ying (1911- ? ), Chinese Muslim military leader, took part in the 1931 rebellion of Muslims in Sinkiang against Chinese rule. In 1933 his cavalry forces again attempted to remove Chinese authority from the area, but were pushed into southern Sinkiang by White Russian forces. Ma entered the Soviet Union in July 1934 and […]
Kuo T'ai-ch'i (1889-29 February 1952), known as Quo Tai-chi, government official and diplomat who was best known as China's envoy to Great Britain (1932-41) and as a delegate to the League of Nations (1932-38). He bore much of the responsibility for formulating foreign policy at Chungking from 1941 to 1946. After serving as a delegate […]
Ting Wen-chiang (13 April 1887-5 January 1936), known as V. K. Ting, professor of geology at Peking University (1931-34) and secretary general of the Academia Sinica (1934-36) who was best known for his achievements as founder and first director (1916-21) of the China Geological Survey. Born into a gentry family in T'aihsing, Kiangsu, V. K. […]
Ts'ai Yuan-p'ei 蔡元培 T. Ho-ch'ing 鶴卿 H. Chieh-min 孑民 Ts'ai Yuan-p'ei (January 1868-5 March 1940), the last of the Hanlin scholars to have major influence in twentieth-century China, was the leading liberal educator of early republican China and an important synthesizer of Chinese and Western intellectual patterns. After the overthrow of the Ch'ing dynasty, he […]
Ts'ao K'un (12 December 1862-17 May 1938), Peiyang general who served as governor of Chihli (Hopei) in 1916 and inspecting commissioner of Chihli, Shantung, and Honan in 1920. With Wu P'ei-fu's support, he headed the Chihli clique in 1920-23. Ts'ao held the presidency at Peking from October 1923 to November 1924. The third son born […]
