P'eng Shu-chih (1896-), close associate of Ch'en Tu-hsiu who left the Chinese Communist party with Ch'en and became a leader of the Trotskyist movement in China. Born in Hunan, P'eng Shu-chih came from a peasant family which was relatively well-to-do by Chinese rural standards. After receiving his early education in Hunan, he went to Shanghai […]
Lo I-nung (1901-21 April 1928), leading figure in the Chinese Communist party at Shanghai in the mid-1920's. He was executed by the Nationalists in 1928. Hsiangtan, Hunan, was the birthplace of Lo I-nung. His father was a prosperous merchant and landowner, and Lo received a good education in the Chinese classics from tutors. At the […]
Lin Piao (1907-), Chinese Communist military leader who became a marshal of the People's Republic of China in 1955, minister of defense in 1959, and the second-ranking member of the party in 1966. A native of Huangkang hsien, Hupeh, Lin Piao was the son of a small landholder (listed in Chinese Communist biographies of Lin […]
Li Li-san (c.1900-), leading Chinese Communist labor organizer who became de facto head of the party in 1928. After being removed from office in 1930 and censured by the Comintern, he spent 15 years in exile in the Soviet Union. He returned to China in 1946, having been restored to membership in the Central Committee, […]
Teng Tzu-hui (c.1893-), early leader of the Communist movement in Fukien. He served as a political and liaison officer during the Sino-Japanese war and the war with the Nationalists. In 1949-52 he dominated the party's Central-South bureau. He then became director of the Central Committee's rural work department, and he held such posts at Peking […]
Teng Hsiao-p'ing (c. 1 902-) , Chinese Communist political officer who rose to become the chief executive officer of the Chinese Communist party, a vice premier in the Central People's Government, and a vice chairman of the National Defense Council. In 1966 he became one of the prime targets of Red Guard criticism in the […]
Ch'en Yun (1900-) began his political career as a Communist labor organizer in Shanghai. In 1938 he directed the organization department of the Central Committee. From 1940 to 1945 he was chairman of the northwest regional economic-financial committee. From 1946 to 1949 he was chairman of the party's Northeast bureau. After 1949 he was vice […]
Ch'en Yi 陳毅 Ch'en Yi (1901—), one of the outstanding military commanders in China in the 1930's and 1940's, joined the Fourth Red Army in 1928 and was an early supporter of Mao Tse-tung. He became acting commander (1941) and then commander (1946) of the New Fourth Army. After 1949 he was mayor of Shanghai […]
Ch'en Tu-hsiu 陳獨秀 Ch'en Ch'ien-sheng 乾生 T. Chung-fu 仲甫 H. Shih-an 實庵 Pseud. Chung(-tzu) 仲（子） Ch'en Tu-hsiu (8 October 1879-27 May 1942), as editor of the Hsin ch'ing-nien [new youth] and dean of the college of letters of Peking University, was a leader of the literary and cultural revolution that culminated in the May Fourth […]
Mao Tse-tung 毛澤東 T. Jun-chih 潤之 Mao Tse-tung (26 December 1893-), leader of the Chinese Communist party and founder of the People's Republic of China. Shaoshan, Hsiangt'an hsien, Hunan, was the birthplace of Mao Tse-tung. This agriculturally productive and culturally advanced section of Hunan produced two of the outstanding scholargenerals of the late Ch'ing period, […]
