Su Yu (c. 1908-), Chinese Communist military leader who was deputy commander, under Ch'en Yi, of the New Fourth Army and its successor, the Third Field Army. After serving as chief of staff of the People's Liberation Army in 1954-58, he was made a vice minister of national defense in 1959. The Huit'ung district of […]

Nieh Jung-chen (1899-), marshal of the People's Republic of China. After serving as commander of the Shansi-Chahar-Hopei military district during the Sino-Japanese war, he became acting chief of staff (1950) and vice chairman (1954) of the People's Revolutionary Military Council. He was made chairman of the Scientific Planning Commission in 1957 and director of the […]

P'eng Chen (1899-), Chinese Communist official who held the top administrative and party posts in the Peking municipal government in the 1950's and early 1960's. He was one of the first high-ranking officials to be removed from office in the Cultural Revolution of 1966. Little is known about P'eng Chen's family background or early life […]

P'eng Te-huai (1898-), Chinese Communist general who served as minister of national defense at Peking from mid- 1954 to mid- 1959, when he was removed from office and replaced by Lin Piao. Hsiangt'an hsien, Hunan, the native district of Mao Tse-tung, was the birthplace of P'eng Te-huai. His mother died when he was six, and, […]

Lo Jui-ch'ing (1907-), political commissar in the Chinese Communist military forces who later held such posts in the Central People's Government as that of minister of public security (1949-58). In the 1950's he was the regime's principal organizer of public security programs and secret police operations. In 1959 he became vice premier of the State […]

Lo Jung-huan (1906-16 December 1963), political commissar in Chinese Communist military forces during the 1930's and 1940's, was director of the general political department and the general cadres department of the People's Liberation Army from 1950 to 1956. Hengshan, Hunan, was the birthplace of Lo Jung-huan. Little is known about his family background or early […]

Liu Shao-ch'i 劉少奇 Pseud. Hu Fu 胡服 Liu Shao-ch'i (1900-), the Chinese Communist party's foremost expert on the theory and practice of organization and party structure, became Chairman of the People's Republic of China in April 1959. He was the second-ranking member of the party until 1966, when he became a principal target of the […]

Li Li-san (c.1900-), leading Chinese Communist labor organizer who became de facto head of the party in 1928. After being removed from office in 1930 and censured by the Comintern, he spent 15 years in exile in the Soviet Union. He returned to China in 1946, having been restored to membership in the Central Committee, […]

Huang K'o-ch'eng (1902-), Communist military ofl^cer who served under P'eng Te-huai in the early 1930's and the early 1950's. He held important posts in the People's Republic of China and in 1958 became chief of staff" of the People's Liberation Army. He was dismissed from his party and government offices in 1959 on the grounds […]

Ho Lung 賀龍 T. Yun-ch'ing 雲卿 Ho Lung (11 March 1896-), Hunanese military leader who, with Yeh T'ing (q.v.) staged the Nanchang uprising of 1 August 1927. He helped build the Chinese Communist military establishment in the 1930's and 1940's. After 1949 he served the Central People's Government in such posts as commander of the […]