Ku Wei-chun (1887-), known as V. K. Wellington Koo, distinguished diplomat who made significant contributions to the formation and early years of the League of Nations and the United Nations and who also represented China as ambassador to France, Great Britain, and the United States. From 1957 to 1967 he served on the International Court […]
Feng Yü-hsiang 馮御香 (馮玉祥) Orig. Feng Chi-shan 馮基善 T. Huan-chang 煅章 Feng Yü-hsiang (1882-1 September 1948), military leader known as the Christian General, built up a formidable personal army, the Kuominchün, and dominated much of north China until his power was broken in 1930. Although his native place was Chaohsien, Anhwei, Feng Yü-hsiang was born […]
Feng Kuo-chang (7 January 1859-28 December 1919), one of the most powerful officers of Yuan Shih-k'ai's Feiyang military clique, was military governor of Chihh (1912-13) and Kiangsu (1913-17). After Yuan died, he became vice president (1916-17) and acting president (191718) of the Peking government. He was the leader of the Chihli clique, which opposed the […]
Tuan Ch'i-jui 段祺瑞 T. Chih-ch'üan 芝泉 H. Cheng-tao lao-jen 正道老人 Tuan Ch'i-jui (6 March 1865-2 November 1936), Peiyang military leader and head of the Anhwei clique. He served at Peking as minister of war (1912-14), premier (April-June 1916; June 1916-May 1917; July-November 1917; March-October 1918), and as provisional chief executive at Peking from November 1924 […]
Tai Chi-t'ao (6 January 1891-11 February 1949), journalist and personal secretary to Sun Yat-sen who, after Sun's death in 1925, became one of the most authoritative anti-Communist interpreters of the Three People's Principles. He was president of the Examination Yuan from its inception in 1928 until 1948. In his later years he became a devout […]
Ch'en, Eugene 陳友仁 Ch'en Yu-jen Eugene Ch'en (1878-20 November 1944), antiimperialist, publicist, lawyer, and government official, was a protege of Sun Yat-sen. He was particularly well known as the editor of journals and the author of political manifestoes. San Fernando on the island of Trinidad in the British West Indies was the birthplace of Eugene […]
Ch'en Chiung-ming 陳炯明 Ch'en Chiung-ming (13 January 1878 - 22 September 1933) was an anti-Manchu revolutionary who became an early republican governor of Kwangtung. After Yuan Shih-k'ai deposed him in 1913, he participated in the anti-Yuan campaigns and then headed the forces of Sun Yatsen's constitution protection movement. In October 1920 he occupied Canton, and […]
Ch'en Chin-t'ao 陳錦濤 Ch'en Chin-t'ao (1870 - June 1939) held numerous public finance posts under the Ch'ing government and under both the northern and southern governments of the early republican period, including the positions of financial commissioner in London and minister of finance. He ended his career as minister of finance (1938-39) in the Japanese-sponsored […]
Ts'en Ch'un-hsuan (1861 —March 1933), prominent Ch'ing official and rival of Yuan Shih-k'ai. He played a leading role in the anti- Yuan campaigns of 1915-16. He later joined the southern military government at Canton, serving as its head in 1918-19. A native of the Hsilin district of Kwangsi, Ts'en Ch'un-hsuan was the third of seven […]
Ts'ao Ju-lin (1876-4 August 1966), pro-Japanese official at Peking who was one of the principal targets of the May Fourth Incident of 1919. Born at Shanghai, Ts'ao Ju-lin was the son of Ts'ao Yü-ts'ai, a scholar who held the shengyuan degree. The young Ts'ao was given a thorough grounding in the Chinese classics. At the […]
