Ch'eng T'ien-fang (22 February 1899-) served the National Government in such capacities as ambassador to Germany (1936-38), delegate to the sessions of UNESCO (after 1945), and minister of education (1950-54). He was dean (1934-35) and vice chancellor (1943-44) of the Central Political Institute and chancellor of National Chekiang (1932-33) and National Szechwan (1938-42) universities. A […]
Ch'en Yi 陳毅 Ch'en Yi (1901—), one of the outstanding military commanders in China in the 1930's and 1940's, joined the Fourth Red Army in 1928 and was an early supporter of Mao Tse-tung. He became acting commander (1941) and then commander (1946) of the New Fourth Army. After 1949 he was mayor of Shanghai […]
Ch'en Kuo-fu 陳果夫 Ch'en Kuo-fu (27 October 1892 - 25 August 1951) directed the organization department of the Kuomintang (1926-32; 1944) and created a closely knit organizational structure for the party. He was acting head of the Control Yuan (1928-32), governor of Kiangsu (1933-37), and he directed the department that selected personnel for the government […]
Ts'ai Yuan-p'ei 蔡元培 T. Ho-ch'ing 鶴卿 H. Chieh-min 孑民 Ts'ai Yuan-p'ei (January 1868-5 March 1940), the last of the Hanlin scholars to have major influence in twentieth-century China, was the leading liberal educator of early republican China and an important synthesizer of Chinese and Western intellectual patterns. After the overthrow of the Ch'ing dynasty, he […]
Ts'ai Ho-sen (c.1890-1931), close friend and political associate of Mao Tse-tung. He helped organize the French branch of the Chinese Communist party, after which he returned to China to become a prominent party propagandist and the first editor of the Hsiang-tao choupao [guide weekly]. He was executed by the Nationalists in 1931. Hsianghsiang hsien, Hunan, […]
Wang Ching-wei 汪精衛 Orig. Wang Chao-ming 汪兆銘 Wang Ching-wei (4 May 1883-10 November 1944), Kuomintang leader and intimate political associate of Sun Yat-sen. At the time of the Sino-Japanese war, after more than a decade of feuding with Chiang Kai-shek for top authority in the Kuomintang, Wang became head of a Japanese-sponsored regime established at […]
Sun Yat-sen 孫逸仙 Orig. Sun Wen 孫文 T. Ti-hsiang 帝象 H. Jih-hsin 日新 I-hsien 逸仙 Chung-shan 中山 Alias. Nakayama Sho (Chinese: Chungshan Ch'iao) 中山樵 Sun Yat-sen (12 November 1866-12 March 1925), leader of the republican revolution and of the Kuomintang. The village of Ts'uiheng (Choyhung) in Hsiangshan hsien, Kwangtung, situated near the coast some 30 […]
Mao Tse-tung 毛澤東 T. Jun-chih 潤之 Mao Tse-tung (26 December 1893-), leader of the Chinese Communist party and founder of the People's Republic of China. Shaoshan, Hsiangt'an hsien, Hunan, was the birthplace of Mao Tse-tung. This agriculturally productive and culturally advanced section of Hunan produced two of the outstanding scholargenerals of the late Ch'ing period, […]
