Chang Kuo-t'ao (1897-), one of the founders of the Chinese Communist movement, was an influential leader of the Chinese Communist party until 1938, when he defected to the National Government after coming into conflict with Mao Tse-tung. In the 1920's, Chang headed the China Trade Union Secretariat. In the early 1930's, he was one of […]

Wang Chen (1909-), Chinese Communist guerrilla leader and political commissar who was one of the leading figures in the politicalmilitary administration of the Sinkiang region in 1949-53. In 1954 he became a member of the National Defense Council at Peking, and in 1956 he was appointed minister of state farms and land reclamation. Beginning in […]

Saifudin (c. 1914-), Uighur political leader who served the so-called East Turkestan Republic as minister of education and head of the Hi youth organization. In December 1949 he became vice chairman of the Sinkiang provincial government, and in February 1950 he joined the Chinese Communist party. He was elected chairman of the Sinkiang Uighur Autonomous […]

Hu Tsung-nan (1895-14 February 1962), Nationalist army commander who became known as the "King of the Northwest." During the Sino-Japanese war he commanded the First Army, the Seventeenth Army Group, and the Thirty-fourth Group Army. In 1943 he received command of the First War Area. He served the National Government in Taiwan as commander of […]