Chang Wen-t'ien (1898-), known as Lo-fu, a writer and translator, was one of a group of Russian-trained Chinese Communists known as the 28 Bolsheviks. General secretary of the Chinese Communist party in the mid-1 930's, he was ambassador to the Soviet Union 1951-55 and senior vice minister of foreign affairs 1955-59. Nanhui, a suburb of […]
Hsü Hai-tung ( 1900-), Chinese Communist guerrilla leader in Hupeh whose peasant selfdefense corps grew to become the Fourth Front Army. The Huangp'i district of Hupeh was the birthplace of Hsü Hai-tung. His father and his five elder brothers were potters. Hsü attended a local primary school for about three years. At the age of […]
Ulanfu (1903-), Tumet Mongol who joined the Chinese Communist party in 1927 and rose to become its principal representative in Inner Mongolia. In the 1950's and early 1960's he dominated party, government, and military structures in that region. Ulanfu became a target ofcriticism during the so-called Cultural Revolution and was removed from his posts in […]
Jao Shu-shih (1901-), Communist official who served as political commissar of the New Fourth Army after October 1942. With the establishment of the Central People's Government in 1949, he received a number of important posts in east China. In 1953 he became a member of the State Planning Committee and director of the Chinese Communist […]
Liu Chih-tan (1903-April 1936), Chinese Communist guerrilla leader who, with Kao Kang (q.v.), carved out the northern Shensi base that became the final destination of the Long March. A native of Shensi, Liu Chih-tan was born into a landowning family in the Paoan district. After completing his primary education in the early 1920's, he enrolled […]
Lu Ting-yi (1901-), leading Chinese ' Communist propagandist and long-time head of the party's propaganda department. In 1965 he became minister of culture at Peking. The son of a landowner who also operated a textile factory, Lu Ting-yi was born in Wusih, Kiangsu. After receiving his primary and secondary education, he went to Shanghai, where […]
Liu Shao-ch'i 劉少奇 Pseud. Hu Fu 胡服 Liu Shao-ch'i (1900-), the Chinese Communist party's foremost expert on the theory and practice of organization and party structure, became Chairman of the People's Republic of China in April 1959. He was the second-ranking member of the party until 1966, when he became a principal target of the […]
Teng Hsiao-p'ing (c. 1 902-) , Chinese Communist political officer who rose to become the chief executive officer of the Chinese Communist party, a vice premier in the Central People's Government, and a vice chairman of the National Defense Council. In 1966 he became one of the prime targets of Red Guard criticism in the […]
Ch'en Yun (1900-) began his political career as a Communist labor organizer in Shanghai. In 1938 he directed the organization department of the Central Committee. From 1940 to 1945 he was chairman of the northwest regional economic-financial committee. From 1946 to 1949 he was chairman of the party's Northeast bureau. After 1949 he was vice […]
Mao Tse-tung 毛澤東 T. Jun-chih 潤之 Mao Tse-tung (26 December 1893-), leader of the Chinese Communist party and founder of the People's Republic of China. Shaoshan, Hsiangt'an hsien, Hunan, was the birthplace of Mao Tse-tung. This agriculturally productive and culturally advanced section of Hunan produced two of the outstanding scholargenerals of the late Ch'ing period, […]
