Chang Ch'ün (1899-), prominent member of the Kuomintang, was a close friend of Chiang Kai-shek and of Huang Fu (q.v.). As minister of foreign affairs in 1935-37, he played an important role in China's relations with Japan. He served as secretary general of the Supreme National Defense Council (1938-42) and as wartime governor of Szechwan […]

Chang Chih-chung (1891-), military commander and government official, Nationalist general and dean of the Central Military Academy, became governor of Hunan in 1937, but lost the position after the misjudged burning of Changsha. In 1940 he became secretary general of the San Min Chu I Youth Corps. From 1945-49 he was director of the Generalissimo's […]

Yeh Chien-ying (1898- ), Chinese Communist general who served as chief of staff of the Communist military forces during and after the Sino-Japanese war. During the American mediation effort in 1946, he was chief Communist delegate at the Executive Headquarters in Peiping. From late 1949 until mid- 1954 he was based at Canton, and he […]

Yen Yang-ch'u (26 October 1893-), known as James Yen, leader of the mass education and rural reconstruction movements in republican China. In the 1950's, as president of the International Committee of the Mass Education Movement, he helped form the Philippine Rural Reconstruction Movement, and in 1960 he became president of the International Institute of Rural […]

Wu Han (1909-), historian and university professor, was known before 1949 primarily as a leading authority on the Ming dynasty. He served after 1952 as a deputy mayor of Peking and as vice chairman of the China Democratic League until his political disgrace in 1966. The Iwu district of Chekiang was the native place of […]

Soong, T. V. Orig. Sung Tzu-wen 宋子文 T. V. Soong (4 December 1894-), Harvard-trained financier who was the prime mover in the establishment of a modern financial system in China. He served the National Government in such capacities as minister of finance, vice president and president of the Executive Yuan, governor of the Central Bank […]

Shen Tsung-han (15 December 1895-), agriculturalist noted for his work in establishing and developing a national agricultural research bureau and for his service on the Joint Commission on Rural Reconstruction, of which he became chairman in 1964. The fourth of six children, Shen Tsung-han was born in Yuyao, Chekiang. He received his early training in […]

Lo Lung-chi (1896-7 December 1965), Westerneducated political scientist who gained prominence in China as the editor of the I-shih pao and the Peking Ch'en Pao. During the Sino-Japanese war he became prominent in the China Democratic League. After 1949, he served the Central People's Government, becoming minister of timber industry in 1956. As a senior […]

Chiang Ching-kuo (1909-), the eldest son of Chiang Kai-shek. After spending almost 12 years in the Soviet Union, he returned to China and served the National Government in various posts. In Taiwan, Chiang advanced steadily in influence and importance, heading the general political department of the ministry of defense and then serving as deputy secretary […]

Ho Ying-ch'in 何應欽 T. Ching-chih 敬之 Ho Ying-ch'in (1890-), one of Chiang Kai-shek's most trusted military officers. As minister of war (1930-44), he negotiated the 1935 Ho- Umezu agreement, by which China capitulated to Japanese demands in north China. He was chief of staff in 1938-44, commander in chief of the Chinese army in 1944-46, […]