Chang T'ai-lei ( 1 898-December 1927), Communist martyr, was known principally for organizing the Canton Commune of December 1927; he was killed in the fighting. A native of Wuchin, Kiangsu, Chang T'ai-lei attended the Ch'angchou Middle School, where he was a classmate of Ch'ü Ch'iu-pai (q.v.), but, like Ch'ü, he left school before graduation. In […]
Wu Yü-chang (1878-14 December 1966), republican revolutionary and educator who later became a Chinese Communist official. He was known for his leadership of the movement to romanize the Chinese written language. Born in Yunghsien, Szechwan, Wu Yü-chang was the second of three sons born into a well-todo gentry family. After receiving his early education in […]
Shen Tse-min ( 1 898- 1 934) , writer and translator who worked to introduce Western concepts to the readers of the Hsiao-shuo yüeh-pao [short story magazine] and other journals. He later joined the Chinese Communist party and spent four years studying in the Soviet Union. The younger brother of Mao Tun (Shen Yen-ping, q.v.), […]
P'eng Shu-chih (1896-), close associate of Ch'en Tu-hsiu who left the Chinese Communist party with Ch'en and became a leader of the Trotskyist movement in China. Born in Hunan, P'eng Shu-chih came from a peasant family which was relatively well-to-do by Chinese rural standards. After receiving his early education in Hunan, he went to Shanghai […]
Li Li-san (c.1900-), leading Chinese Communist labor organizer who became de facto head of the party in 1928. After being removed from office in 1930 and censured by the Comintern, he spent 15 years in exile in the Soviet Union. He returned to China in 1946, having been restored to membership in the Central Committee, […]
Ho Shu-heng (1874- February 1935), an early colleague of Mao Tse-tung and the oldest of the original members of the Hsin-min hsüeh-hui and the Chinese Communist party, was prominent in the party's attempts to use the Hunan school system to spread Marxist- Leninist ideas and in the establishment of the party's branch in Hunan. A […]
Kuo Mo-jo 郭沫若 Orig. Kuo K'ai-chen 郭開貞 Pen. Ting-t'ang 鼎堂 Shih-t'o 石沱 Tu K'an 杜衎 Mai-k'o Ang 麥克昂 I K'an Jen 易坎人 Kuo Mo-jo (October 1892-), poet, playwright, novelist, essayist, translator, historian, paleographer, Creation Society leader, and Chinese Communist propagandist. After 1949 this versatile intellectual served the People's Republic of China as chairman of the […]
Teng Chung-hsia ( 1897-1 933) , one ofthe earliest Communists in China and a leader of the effort to create a unified national labor movement. He is chiefly remembered as the author of the Chvcng-kuo chih-kung yün-tung chien-shih [short history of the Chinese labor movement]. He was executed by the Nationalist authorities. Born into a […]
Teng Tzu-hui (c.1893-), early leader of the Communist movement in Fukien. He served as a political and liaison officer during the Sino-Japanese war and the war with the Nationalists. In 1949-52 he dominated the party's Central-South bureau. He then became director of the Central Committee's rural work department, and he held such posts at Peking […]
Ch'en Tu-hsiu 陳獨秀 Ch'en Ch'ien-sheng 乾生 T. Chung-fu 仲甫 H. Shih-an 實庵 Pseud. Chung(-tzu) 仲（子） Ch'en Tu-hsiu (8 October 1879-27 May 1942), as editor of the Hsin ch'ing-nien [new youth] and dean of the college of letters of Peking University, was a leader of the literary and cultural revolution that culminated in the May Fourth […]
