Chang T'ai-lei ( 1 898-December 1927), Communist martyr, was known principally for organizing the Canton Commune of December 1927; he was killed in the fighting. A native of Wuchin, Kiangsu, Chang T'ai-lei attended the Ch'angchou Middle School, where he was a classmate of Ch'ü Ch'iu-pai (q.v.), but, like Ch'ü, he left school before graduation. In […]
Chang Shih-chao ( 1 88 1-), journalist, educator, government official, and lawyer, established his claim to prominence in the fields of Chinese letters and political thought primarily as the editor of such journals as the Su-pao, the Tu-li chou-pao [independent weekly], and especially the Chia-yin [tiger] group of publications. A native of Changsha, Hunan, Chang […]
Chang Kuo-t'ao (1897-), one of the founders of the Chinese Communist movement, was an influential leader of the Chinese Communist party until 1938, when he defected to the National Government after coming into conflict with Mao Tse-tung. In the 1920's, Chang headed the China Trade Union Secretariat. In the early 1930's, he was one of […]
Chang Tung-sun (1886-), philosopher and political independent, known for his interpretation and teaching of Western philosophy in China. He was an advocate of the constitutionalist theories of Liang Ch'i-ch'ao, and became chief editor of the China Times and a leading figure in the science-philosophy debates of 1923. In 1951 he came under Communist censure and […]
Yün Tai-ying (1895-April 1931), Marxist intellectual and leader of the Young China Association, the Socialist Youth League, and the Hupeh branch of the Chinese Communist party. A noted propagandist, he edited the Hsin Shu Pao [new Szechwan daily], the Chung-kuo ch'ing-nien [China youth], and the Hung-ch'i-pao [red flag]. Yün was executed at Nanking in 1931. […]
Hsieh Hung-lai (9 May 1873-2 September 1916), Chinese Christian author and publicist, known as H. L. Zia, was secretary of the national committee and director of the publications department of the YMCA in China (1904-1916). Under his direction, the Association Press in China became one of the most influential YMCA publishing efforts in the world. […]
Wu Yu (1872-1949), scholar and poet whose intensely anti-Confucian writings contributed to the revolution in Chinese thought at the time of the May Fourth Movement. He taught at Peking and Szechwan universities. Little is known about Wu Yü's family background or early life. In his youth he apparently received a traditional education in the Chinese […]
T'an P'ing-shan (1887-2 April 1956), one of the most influential Communists in the Kuomintang hierarchy during the 1924-26 period of alliance. Upon his expulsion from both parties in 1927, he became a leader of the so-called Third party at Shanghai. He was readmitted to the Kuomintang in 1937, but he later helped organize the dissident […]
Su Man-shu (28 September 1884-2 May 1918), poet, translator, journalist, and anti-Manchu revolutionary whose fragments of autobiographical fiction created a legend which captivated a whole generation of Chinese readers. The son of Su Chieh-sheng, a Cantonese agent of the Wan-lung Tea Company, Su Man-shu was born in Yokohama. His mother was a Japanese called O-sen, […]
Ch'ü Ch'iu-pai (29 January 1899-18June 1935), Communist writer, became vice chairman of the propaganda department of the Chinese Communist party and wrote many pamphlets and articles. He unseated Ch'en Tu-hsiu to become general secretary of the party in 1927, but was criticized and removed from office in 1928. He became prominent in the League of […]
