Tuan Ch'i-jui 段祺瑞 T. Chih-ch'üan 芝泉 H. Cheng-tao lao-jen 正道老人 Tuan Ch'i-jui (6 March 1865-2 November 1936), Peiyang military leader and head of the Anhwei clique. He served at Peking as minister of war (1912-14), premier (April-June 1916; June 1916-May 1917; July-November 1917; March-October 1918), and as provisional chief executive at Peking from November 1924 […]
Feng Kuo-chang (7 January 1859-28 December 1919), one of the most powerful officers of Yuan Shih-k'ai's Feiyang military clique, was military governor of Chihh (1912-13) and Kiangsu (1913-17). After Yuan died, he became vice president (1916-17) and acting president (191718) of the Peking government. He was the leader of the Chihli clique, which opposed the […]
Ting Wen-chiang (13 April 1887-5 January 1936), known as V. K. Ting, professor of geology at Peking University (1931-34) and secretary general of the Academia Sinica (1934-36) who was best known for his achievements as founder and first director (1916-21) of the China Geological Survey. Born into a gentry family in T'aihsing, Kiangsu, V. K. […]
Ch'eng She-wo (28 August 1898-), prominent newspaper publisher, founded and developed such papers as the Shih-chieh jih-pao [world daily news], the Min-sheng pao [people's livelihood newspaper], and the Li-pao [stand-up journal]. In 1947 he became a member of the Legislative Yuan. He founded World Journalism Junior College in Taipei in 1956. Although his ancestral home […]
Ch'en, Eugene 陳友仁 Ch'en Yu-jen Eugene Ch'en (1878-20 November 1944), antiimperialist, publicist, lawyer, and government official, was a protege of Sun Yat-sen. He was particularly well known as the editor of journals and the author of political manifestoes. San Fernando on the island of Trinidad in the British West Indies was the birthplace of Eugene […]
Ch'en Chiung-ming 陳炯明 Ch'en Chiung-ming (13 January 1878 - 22 September 1933) was an anti-Manchu revolutionary who became an early republican governor of Kwangtung. After Yuan Shih-k'ai deposed him in 1913, he participated in the anti-Yuan campaigns and then headed the forces of Sun Yatsen's constitution protection movement. In October 1920 he occupied Canton, and […]
Ts'ao K'un (12 December 1862-17 May 1938), Peiyang general who served as governor of Chihli (Hopei) in 1916 and inspecting commissioner of Chihli, Shantung, and Honan in 1920. With Wu P'ei-fu's support, he headed the Chihli clique in 1920-23. Ts'ao held the presidency at Peking from October 1923 to November 1924. The third son born […]
Ts'ai T'ing-kan (1861-29 September 1935), naval officer and long-time associate of Yuan Shih-k'ai. He held protocol, customs, and other foreign-affairs posts at Peking until 1927. Although Ts'ai T'ing-kan considered himself a native of Tahsing, Chihli (Hopei), he was born at Hsiangshan (later Chungshan), Kwangtung. He received his early education in the Chinese classics at local […]
Wang Ching-wei 汪精衛 Orig. Wang Chao-ming 汪兆銘 Wang Ching-wei (4 May 1883-10 November 1944), Kuomintang leader and intimate political associate of Sun Yat-sen. At the time of the Sino-Japanese war, after more than a decade of feuding with Chiang Kai-shek for top authority in the Kuomintang, Wang became head of a Japanese-sponsored regime established at […]
Sun Yat-sen 孫逸仙 Orig. Sun Wen 孫文 T. Ti-hsiang 帝象 H. Jih-hsin 日新 I-hsien 逸仙 Chung-shan 中山 Alias. Nakayama Sho (Chinese: Chungshan Ch'iao) 中山樵 Sun Yat-sen (12 November 1866-12 March 1925), leader of the republican revolution and of the Kuomintang. The village of Ts'uiheng (Choyhung) in Hsiangshan hsien, Kwangtung, situated near the coast some 30 […]
